DR:指定路由器
DR的作用:
1,描述这个多路访问网络和ospf区域内其余和其相连的路由器.
2,管理这个多路访问网络中的泛洪扩散过程.OSPF为了减少广播多路访问SLA的泛洪量
BDR:备份指定路由器
除了DR和BDR其他全部是DRother


邻接关系个数=n(n-1)/2

LSA个数=n^2

1,当DR存在,BDR消失的时候,在当前的链路中会选举新的BDR。

2,DR/BDR皆没有抢占功能

3,需要选举DR/BDR的网络中,DR是必须存在的,BDR不见得一定需要。


DR产生的基本过程:
组播地址:
224.0.0.5---AllSPFRouters.例:DR汇总完交给其他设备用224.0.0.5 (建立邻居关系)
DR,BDR向DRother发送DD,LSA Request或者LSA Update时目标地址是AllSPFRouter(224.0.0.5)
224.0.0.6---AllDRouters(DR+BDR)
DRother向DR,BDR发送DD,LSA request或者LSA UPdate时目标地址是AllDRouter(224.0.0.6)
AllSPFRouters
        This multicast address has been assigned the value
        224.0.0.5. All routers running OSPF should be prepared to
        receive packets sent to this address. Hello packets are
        always sent to this destination. Also, certain OSPF
        protocol packets are sent to this address during the
        flooding procedure.
AllDRouters
        This multicast address has been assigned the value
        224.0.0.6. Both the Designated Router and Backup Designated
        Router must be prepared to receive packets destined to this
        address. Certain OSPF protocol packets are sent to this
        address during the flooding procedure.

DR的选举过程和配置:
接口选举规则:谁大谁优先,0不参与DR,BDR选举
查看邻居的DR状态: